Method of casting brake-shoes.



O. D. PETTIS. METHOD OF CASTING BRAKE SHOES.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 6, v1913.

Patented July 28, 1914.-

2 SHEETS8HEET 1.

C. D. PETTIS.

METHOD OF CASTING BRAKE SHOES.

APPLICATION FILED 001' 6 1913 Patented Jill 28, 1914 Z SHEETS-SHEET 2 YEW? ii. iii i CLIFTON D. PE'ITIS, OF MAHWAH, NEW JERSEY.

METHOD OF CASTING- BRAKE-SHOES.

mosses.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July ioii.

Application filed Gctober 6. 1913. Serial No. 793.789.

llo it known that l. Cmr'rox D. Pl-l' l"llS a citizen oi the ilnitcil. 'itatcs, residing at Mahwah. county of llcr aon, and State f New Jersey, have invented certain new anduseful improvements in Tilcthods ot' Casting Brake-Shoes. of which i do declare. the lol lowing to he a full, clear. and exact description, reference being had to the ai-roinparrving drawings, forming a part of this specification.

The present invention has relation more particularly to thcnia utarture of that class of brake slurs commonly known as remforced lHillit shoes. in which the cast metal which forms tin major tan-Lion of the hi of the shoe i reint i'rei'l or Stl'tlll fitllflil lll by a pan-shaped hack of ductile metal. 'lvpes of l ake shoes to the manul zuture of which my invention relates mor parti ularly are shown in L tters Patent Flo. LO JQJU and No. 1,065,719. grant d to me June 1913] in the manufacture of reinforced brake shoes in which the cast r 'fllll forming the body of the slwe is reinti'irccd my a surrounding pi iipcil' l'jlll'lf or shell, it is highly desiralue to preserve a largevporti'on ofthc holly oi the cast iron nnchilled. particularly in parts adjacent the side walls and the attaching lugs of the shoe, and. this is true r-fietlcr the shoe he provided with chilled portions or not. In cast iron JIilliQ shoes itis sometimesdesired chill the and porti of the SllOf their u'oaiii 3 face. and i165 the wearing" It is highly dcsira o employ in the manulacturc ofcast metal brake shoes, metal molds, but one objection incident to use of such molds is that they chill those portions of the cast metal that come in contact therewith: and evenavhere pan-shaped hacks 01' shells are set Within such metal molds. the portions of the molds in contact with the outer face at the pans or shells will impart a chill to the cast metal at such points.

@My present invention contemplates the inanufactin'c of a reinforced cast metal brake ioortion of the shoe and the wearing face, or

if the Wearingface be chilled then between the back oart and that port on oi the shoe that is not aliected chilling oi tilt by the wearin face.

It is also highly ilesirahlc in the inanu- "vcntion, l suspend the pan or shell of thin sheet metal into which the cast iron to form the hod' of the shoe will be poured llttWLOll the mold sections in such manner that the sides, and preferably also theends. and the hack portions of the shoe adjacent the attaching lugs shall lac exposed to th* an: tilt. effect of such exposure being to prevent chilling of the metal at such points.

in applications for Letters Patent Serial llo. 764,825 and 764,826. liled'hy me in the Patent Oflice May 1, 1913, l have shown casting apparatus by means of which the in rention constituting the subject matter of the present application may be prirtised. and in'ordcr to enable my present invention to he more reatlilv understood, the apparatus illustrated in my said application Serial No. 764,826 is hereinafter illustrated and described;

Figure '1 is a View in side elevation of an apparatus adapted for the practice of my presentinvention. Fig. 2 is a plan \icw thereof. Fig.3 is a view in front elevation. T /1 cctive View of a pairshaped b 5 is a. cross Sec-- tion on line 55 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a section on line t5-6 of Fig. .2. Fig. 7 is a plan YlQW of a mold section adapted for use in the practise of my invention; 'Fig. 8 a cross section showing the construction of the lower mold section illustrated in Fig. 7.

As before stated, the present invention is pa ticula 1}. adapted for casting brake shoes of the type in which the body of the shoe is reinforced by a pan-shaped bacl-i r shell of ductile metal. One form of such shoe is shown in Patent No 1,065,719, granted to me June 24L 1913, and in l to '7 inclusive of. the drawings herewith, a shoe of this form is illustrated. As shown, the shoe coinprises body portion A 1 indicated ly the dotted lines in Fig. t) which is formed of cast metal, together with a reint reed pane Shell adaptedtor use. in the pracshaped shell B formed of thin ductile metal (preferably aboutl/32 of an inch thick), and united to the body in the casting operation. \Vithin the shell '13 is shown a re inforcing back B of thicker metal. The shell is also provided with center and end lugs C and (1),. which are formed of malleable or ductile metal and which are provided respectively with projections c and (Z that extend through the back of the shell B and through the reinforcement 13 and interlock with these parts to unite the lugs and the reinforcement B to the shell. As shown, the pan-shaped shell and reinforcement B are also provided with pouring openings 6 and in the form shown in Figs. 4 and 6, the end walls of the shell are provided with depending tongues Z).

The lower or body portion of my casting apparatus, in the form shown, consists of a metal block or casting, the upper curved face of which is provided with a long recess or cavity 11, corresponding in length and width to the body of the brake shoe and -within which the ductile metal pan or shell is placed in readiness for the casting operation. The depending lugs Z), shown in Figs.

4 and 8, will rest upon the bottom of the cavity 11so that the edges of the pan-shaped back which fit snugly within the cavity are held above the lower surface thereof, and, when the shoe is formed, its face projects beyond the edges of the shel It is sometimes desirable to avoid the chilling of the wearing face of the body of the shoe and the metal adjacent thereto, either in whole or in art,'and when this is to be accomplished; the lower mold section 10 will be chambered to receive a body of refractory material 11 (see Figs. 7 and 8), in the uper surface of which the cavity 11 for mold- 1 g the lower portion of the body of the shoe will be formed. This body of refractory material may extendthroughout the whole length of the cavity of the lower mold section 10 or throughout parts thereof only, according as it is desired to leave a greater or less extent of the Wearing face of the shoe unchilled.

Above the body portion 10 of the apparatus are mounted the upper portions or sections 15 and 16 which are arranged to engage the upper part of the shell B and hold it securely in position during the casting operation. For this purpose, these upper sections are provided with recesses 17 of approximately the same width as the shell and within which recesses the upper'portion of the shell extends when the sections 15 and 16 are in position above the lower sections 10.

' The central portions of the .upper sections 15 and 16 are provided with cutaway spaces 18 to clear the center lug C of the shell, and the end portions of the, upper sections are also cut away, as indicated at 18, to clear ortionthe end lugs D. The cutaway spaces at the center and ends of the upper sections are of through openings formed in the adjacent ends of the upper sections 15 and 16, so that the posts form pivots about which the sections 15 and 16 may be laterally swun The upper ends of the posts 'are provide with nuts 21 and a series of washers 22 interposed between the ends and the upper faces of the sections 15 and 16. At its opposite or. frontend, the lower or body portion 10 of the apparatus is provided with a standard 25 which is connected thereto by bolts or studs 26. These bolts or studs extend through laterally projecting cars 28 in the lower portion of the standard 25 and are provided with nuts 27 and a series of washers 29 interposed between the ends and the cars 28. At its upper end the standard 25 is provided with laterally projecting arms 30, preferably having slightly upturned ends, and the sections 15 and 16 are provided with forwardly projecting'arms or end'portions 32 which extend under the arms 30 and en gage the lower faces thereof to thereby hold vided with handles for convenient manipulation.

By reference more particularly to Figs. 1 and 5 of the drawings, it will be .seen that the sections 15 and 16 are arranged at a distance above, or spacedaway from,-the upper part. of the lower portion or body 10 o the apparatus, and one object of the pies ent invention is to provide a simple andefiective. means whereby adjustment of the upper portion or sections 15 and 16 of the apparatus with respect to the lower portion 10 may be effected in order to vary'the thickness or vertical dimension of the brake shoe to be formed. It will be understood, of course, that when the pan-shaped shell B .is in position within the cavity 11 of the lower or body portion 10 of the apparatus, the

walls of the shellwill serveto retain the molten metal and form, in efiect,'.a part of the mold. That is to say, the mold is formed by the lower body portion 10 and W l v n ...i h

1 at the shoe at t e upper sections '15 and 16 to securely hold the shell in g the casting operation.

21 at the rear end and the rent end of the apparatus position shown, the sections rest u on the shoulders of and these sections will then he respect to to form a coin arabru It, howev r, it .orm thicker brake shoe, one or 1e Washers will be transferred from position ahove the sections 15 and 16 to a position between such sections and the shoulders 20 of the posts 20, and similarly, one or more of the Washers 29 will be transferred -from position above the laterally proie ting portions 28 of the upright to a position the studs 26 betwe n the laterally projecting portions 28 and the lower portion This transposition of the washers serves to raise the sections 15 and 1G to grcatenextent from the lower portion it) of the apparatus, so that a brake shoe oi greater thickness can be cast,-it heunderstood, of course, that in casting such thicker on lie shoe, a Wider shell or one ha vine longer lugs or tongues b will he c:n ployed, so that. the sections 15 and 16 will close snugly over the top of the shell,

l'n my improved apparatus, the sections 15 and 16 will he swung outwardly and ll B- ll be placed within the cavity 11 err-portion 10, after which the secand 18 will be swung to closed posi- 'n. in Fig, l of the drawing. lt- -ytmi l, of course, that the end lug" will be attached'to the placed in the mold. lVhen 3 l tive position with it ion por-

or other material from which the shoe is i'OIIIIQdWlll he i into the shell, it unites t? the latter ailords a nfi nnent or armor for i, pour xvi; Wu llluvltil -(live from tl foregoing description it will be seen that asniuch as the pan-shaped back or shell I. is formed of very thin ductile inetah-vrhich heats up rapidly when the molten ro alis poured into it, those parts of the sit and end walls and portions of the hack adjacent the attaching lugs, which are not in contact with the mold sections, will .lftlt little or no tendency to chill the body such point and this, as has fore stated, is a most desirable few we I i l'ilC'i'lCE, the precise details or" my inovo out may be var: wi hout trom the scope Oithe invention and features of the invention may be employed without its adoption as an entirely.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to ecure hy littors Patent, is

L The method of forming a reinforced hrake shoe that consists in holding against a mold the open side of metal pan or shell formed of thin ductile metal and he ing a back and side Walls, the side walls being exposed to the air, and pouring molten cast iron into sa d shell to unite therewith and form the body of the shoe.

9. The method of forming a reinforced lrake shoe that consists in holding against a mold the open side of a metal pan or shell formed of thin ductile metal and having back, side and end Walls exposed to the air, and pouring molten cast iron into said shell to unite therewith and form body of the shoe.

The method of forming a reinforced brake shoe which consists in holding above the cavity of a mold the open side of a metal pan or shell formed of thin ductile metal and having a back, side and end Walls, the side and end Walls being exposed to the air, and pouring molten cast iron into said shell and into the cavity of the mold beneath it to form the bodyof the shoe.

4. The method of casting a brake shoe neck, side and end walls and an open side mil-holdingmeans, said shell spanning" the space between said mold section and said shelhholding means, and thereafter casting, molten iron to form the body of the shoe Within said shell, the latter being united to the body of the shoe in the casting operation to reinforce the same and the body projectin? through the open side of the shell.

o; The method of casting a balte shoe that consists in placing a. shell having a back, side and end Walls and open opposite said back between a lower mold section and an upper shell holding" means, the body" of the shell being held with its open side at a distance from the hottmn of the cavity of said mold section and said shell spanning the space between said mold section and said she ll-holding means, and thereafter pouring cast metal through the back of said shell to form the body of the shoe, said cast metal uniting with said shell to reinforce the same.

6. The method of forming a reinforced -hral-ze shoe that consists in holding against a mold a metal pan or shell lorimd of tluu ductile metal and formiu an outline to the hack and "SNlQS of the finished body of the shoe and being open opposite the back. the I end portions of the back or" S:il(l shell adjacent the attaching lugs being exposed to etween a lower mold section and an upper 5 brake shoe that consists in holding against shoe.

the air, an(l,,pouring molten iron into said I and end portions of the pan or shell adiacent shell to unite therewith and form the body said attaching lugs being exposed to the air, of the shoe. I and pouring molten iron into said shell to 7. The method of forming a reinforced unite therewith and form the bodv of the the mold a metal pan or shell formed of thin ductile metal and having center and end lugs at its back and having a back and side Witnesses: and end walls conforming in shave to the J. G. ANDERSON,

10 outline of the body of the shoe, said center GEO. P. FISHER.

CLIFTON D. PETTIS. 

